天津外国语学院
2009年攻读英语语言文学专业硕士学位
研究生入学考试样题
考试科目：基础英语+汉语
（考试时间180分钟 总分150分）
注：本试卷为水平考试，分别考查学生的词汇量、语法结构、阅读理解、翻译以及汉语等方面的水平和能力，为所有报考我校英语专业硕士研究生的必答题。以下是样题，并不是试题全部。
I. Vocabulary (20points )
Directions: Choose the answer that best explains the underlined word or phrase or best fills in the blank in the sentence. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (20points for 20 questions) The following are ten sample questions.
1.You talk about it as if it were a grammar school instead of a leading university.
A. very large
B. very serious
C. very prestigious
D. very fundamental
2. During the war, the shipping lanes proved vulnerable to attack.
A. susceptible
B. futile
C. feasible
D. venerable
3. Affluent nations have an obligation to help their neighbors.
A. large
B. wealthy
C. advanced
D. industrialized
4. Companies will address this situation through methods like on-site counseling and the development of special programs.
A. go to the spot
B. remember
C. record
D. deal with
5. I got out thanks to a college scholarship and because I was a little more articulate than the average.
A. able to do addition effectively
B. able to express one’s thoughts effectively
C. able to write effectively
D. able to initiate things effectively
6. Her letter was in such a casual scrawl, and in such pale ink, that it was__________.
A. unintelligible
B. eligible
C. ambiguous
D. illegible
7. The children performed a very________ dance.
A. distracting
B. graceful
C. gracious
D. precise
8. The room was ________ of furniture.
A. absent
B. devoid
C. inadequate
D. scanty
9. What he has been saying is completely _____to what we are discussing.
A. detached
B. exceptional
C. impertinent
D. irrelevant
10. The funeral will be _______, and only members of the dead man’s family will attend.
A. alone
B. personal
C. peculiar
D. private
II. Grammatical Structures. (10 points)
Directions: In each of the following sentences there are four underlined parts marked A, B ,C and D. Identify the part that is grammatically incorrect.
1. We advised him giving up smoking and to do a lot of exercises.
A B C D
2. If the policeman would have arrived earlier, he would have seen the accident.
A B C D
3. Malnutrition is a major cause of death in those countries where the cultivation of rice has
A B
impeded by recurrent drought.
C D
4. The people along the river survived the recent flood without scarcely any serious casualties or
A B C
loss of property.
D
5. Most mammals to maintain a relatively constant body temperature, regardless of what the air
A B C
temperature might be.
D
III. Cloze Test (20 points)
Directions: There are two short passages in this section. In each passage, ten words or phrases are missing. Fill in each blank with an appropriate word or phrase that best suits the context to complete the passage. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)
As a doctor who travels quite a lot, I spent a lot of time on planes listening for that dreaded “Is there a doctor on board?” announcement. I lave been called only once for a woman who had merely fainted. But the __1__ made me quite ___2__ how often this kind of thing happens. I wonder what I would do if confronted with a real midair emergency without access by a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment. So when the New England Journal of Medicine last week published a study about in-flight medical events, I read it with __3__.
The study estimated that there are an average of thirty in-flight medical emergencies on US flights every day. Most of them are not __4__. __5__ 13% of them are serious enough to require the pilot to change course. The most common emergencies __6__ heart trouble, stroke and difficulty in breathing.
Let’s face it: plane rides are stressful. For starters, cabin pressures at high altitude are set roughly what they would be if you lived at 5000 to 8000 feet above sea level. Most people can __7__ these pressures, but passengers with heart disease __8__ experience chest pain. Another problem is deep venous thrombosis—the so-called economic class syndrome. ___9_ happens, do not panic. Thanks to more recent legislation, __10___ with just one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks.
IV. Reading Comprehension (40 points)
Directions : Read carefully the following passage(s) and then answer the questions. (40 points for 20 questions). The following is a sample passage with five sample questions.
Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor.
Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with sub millimeter accuracy-far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves-goals that pose a real challenge.
“While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,” says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we can't yet give a robot enough ‘commonsense’ to reliably interact with a dynamic world.”Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries. What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain's roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented-and human perception far more complicated-than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can't approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don't know quite how we do it.
1. Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in .
A. the use of machines to produce science fiction.
B. the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry.
C. the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work.
D. the elite's cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work
2. The word “gizmos" (line 1, paragraph 2) most probably means .
A. programs. B. experts. C. devices. D. creatures.
3. According to the text, what is beyond man's ability now is to design a robot that can .
A. fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery.
B. interact with human beings verbally.
C. have a little common sense.
D. respond independently to a changing world.
4. Besides reducing human labor, robots can also .
A. make a few decisions for themselves.
B. deal with some errors with human intervention.
C. improve factory environments.
D. cultivate human creativity.
5. The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are .
A. expected to copy human brain in internal structure.
B. able to perceive abnormalities immediately.
C. far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information.
D. best used in a controlled environment.
V. Translation from English to Chinese. (20 points)
Directions: Please translate the following two passages into Chinese and write your English versions on the ANSWER SHEET. The following is a sample passage.
It is as though some giant’s hand were squeezing the trunks of the trees, forcing the sap up and along the branches, for the blossom seems to squirt into the air.
There have been other Mays in other years, but never has there been so much blossom. The bees are bewildered by it. A few small bush-apples which were as austere as walking sticks when I planted them only two months ago are now in full flower, and look like little girls just off to a carnival.
Peach, cherry, plum and apple strain into the air; all the trees in the orchard are out together, and for once, no clumsy wind has shorn or rain washed their frail, enameled, fine petals down into the lecherous hands of grass.
What flower is there as delicate as this flower that grows out of a gnarled old tree with its trunk all twisted and its bark all blistered? It is a paradox. Beauty is always a paradox.
VI. 汉语部分（40分）
一、判断题（标出正确答案的题号，每小题1分，共10分）
1. 先秦文学是综合的形态，其特点是文史哲不分。（ ）
2. 司马迁的《史记》由十二本纪、八书、三十世家、七十列传组成。（ ）
3. 中国古典小说有两个系统：文言小说和白话小说。（ ）
4. 王维、孟浩然是盛唐著名的山水田园诗派的代表诗人。（ ）
5. 苏东坡是北宋革新派的著名诗人。（ ）
6. 柳永是写世俗大众生活的词人。（ ）
7. 晏殊和晏几道二兄弟是北宋著名的词人。（ ）
8. 陶渊明是继谢灵运之后西晋著名的山水诗人，号五柳先生。（ ）
9.“白日依山尽，黄河入海流。欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。”这首诗名称是《古塞下曲》。（ ）
10.“问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流”的作者是李煜。（ ）
11.“枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马”的题材是词。（ ）
12. 清代两部著名的历史剧是《牡丹亭》和《桃花扇》。（ ）
13. 中国古典小说四大名著产生的时代是明清两代。（ ）
14. 被誉为“一孤篇压倒全唐”的《春江花月夜》作者是张若虚。（ ）
二、指出下列带点的词性（每题1分，计20分）
1. 甘其食，美其服，安其居，乐其俗。（ ）（ ）
2. 楚战士无不一以当十。（ ）
3. 吏之所税，耕者也。（ ）（ ）
4. 积土成山，风雨兴焉；积水成渊，蛟龙生焉。（ ）
5. 岁不我与。（ ）（ ）
6. 相托之信，慎勿相负。（ ）（ ）
7. 李广曰：“是必射雕者也。” （ ）（ ）
8. 沛公安在。（ ）（ ）
9. 蜀道之难难于上青天。（ ）（ ）
10. 好雨知时节，当春乃发生。（ ）（ ）
11. 知否，知否，应是绿肥红瘦。（ ）（ ）
三、简析题（10分）
电视剧或现实生活当中，常见有的恋人、老朋友两人相逢，紧紧地抱住，说：“我想死你啦！”试对这句话分析：
1.“我想死你啦！”句中“死”充当的句子成分是
2.“我想死你啦！”与“我打死你！”的“死”在句子中的语法功能的区别是
3.“我想死你啦！”与“我想死。”的“死”在句子中的语法功能的区别是
天津外国语学院
2009年攻读英语语言文学专业硕士学位
研究生入学考试样题
考试科目：英语语言文学
（考试时间180分钟 总分150分）
注：本试卷由汉译英、英语写作以及专业方向模块三大部分组成。其中，汉译英以及英语写作（共80分）为所有报考我校英语专业硕士研究生的必答题，主要考查考生的英语水平的综合运用能力。第III项（70分）分为若干专业方向模块，主要考查考生对所报考专业方向知识了解的深度和学术发展潜力，考生根据自己所报考的专业方向选择答题。
I. Chinese-English Translation (30 points)
Directions: Please translate the following two passages into Chinese and write your English versions on the ANSWER SHEET. The following is a sample passage.
美国自有史以来大部分时间是一个忙碌、紧张的地方，热衷于创新，而无意于守旧。它的人民非常乐观，非常重视个人克服困难的能力，个人有权期望成功。移民来美，并不是个个都为了崇高的目标。殖民地时期，有些移民来美是从生意正着眼，而非为宗教。在19世纪，有些人移居美国，是为了逃避本国的兵役。不过即使如此，移民渐增的过程，对于大部分美国人，还是意味深长的，几乎有不可思议的影响。没有一个起源于欧洲的国家像它这样敏锐地意识到要和欧洲文化分家，而且要超过欧洲文化。
II. English Writing （50 points）
Directions: Write a composition of approximately 450 words based on the following given topic. Please write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
The Importance of Journals to Ongoing Research
III. American & British Literature (70 points)
A. Fill in the blanks or choose the answer that best complete the statement: (20 points )
1. In My Heart Leaps Up, William Wordsworth says, “The Child is father of the Man.” The figure of speech used is_________.
A. hyperbole B. metonymy C. oxymoron D. paradox
2. Brom Bones, who scares Ichabod Crane in ______________’s “_____________________________,” is a frontier archetype in American literature.
3. T. S. Eliot’s poem “__________________________” depicts a timid middle-aged man going to propose marriage to a lady but hesitating all the way. The poem takes the form of ________________.
B. Answer three of the following essay questions: ( 50 pints)
1. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne is humiliated in the market place, she then chooses to live in a small thatched cottage on “the outskirts of the town, within the verge of the peninsula, but not in close vicinity to any other habitation,” and seven years later, she meets Dimmesdale in the forest. Comment on the setting of the novel.
2. Dramatic issues in some of Williams’s plays revolve around the “imposition” of an “other” imposing his/her sense of “what should be” on another in relation to personal or societal expectations. Illustrate this point with evidence from The Glass Menagerie Or A Streetcar Named Desire.
3. Comment on Walt Whitman’s use of imagery Or rhythm in One of the following poems:
“There Was a Child Went Forth”
“I Hear America Singing”
“O Captain, My Captain”
“When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d”
4. Why do most of the critics call Shakespeare’s sonnets a story?
5. English romanticism is seen as a strong reaction to neoclassicism of the 18th century. Could you tell us the difference between romanticism and classicism in terms of the concept of poetry and the poet?
6. With the influence of Ibsen, a great Norwegian playwright, G. B. Shaw made great contributions to the modern English theatre. In his long literary career, Shaw wrote many plays. Pleas name at least 5 of his famous plays and tell us the main artistic features of his dramaturgy.
English Education （70points )
III.Answer the following questions based on the following scenarios. Please write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET （70 points）
Scenario 1 (10 points)
Your nephew, Ming, enrolled in the undergraduate program of English Literature last year. Studying literature in English language for about twelve months, Ming finds himself having no interest at all in this program. Ming begins to think about dropping out the program and entering the program of fine arts. He comes to you for advice. Do you think Ming should drop out or not? Why or why not? (Please limit your answer to 200 words max.)
Scenario 2 (10 points)
Ping, engineer of computer science, and his 6 years old son Jian drop in your home. Interestingly, both father and son have just started learning English. They come for your advice on learning strategies. You remember there are basically four sets of good learners’ learning strategies, namely the active planning strategy, the academic learning strategy, the social learning strategy and the affective strategy. Which strategy or strategies would you recommend to the father and which to the son? Why? (Please limit your answer to 200 words max.)
Translation and Interpreting （70points）
III.General Knowledge (10 points)
Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section which are intended to test candidates’ general knowledge about translation. Choose the best answer to each question and mark your answers on your answer sheet. Two samples are given for your reference.
1. The famous translation proposition of “five instances of losing the source and three difficulties” (五失本三不易) was put forward by ________.
A. Laozi ( 老子 ) B. Zhi Qian (支谦 ) C. Dao An ( 道安 ) D. Xuan Zang (玄奘 )
2. Which of the following translation theorists does NOT belong to German Functionalist School?
A. Chritiane Nord B. Hans Vermeer C. Katharina Reiss D. Edwin Gentzler
IV. Paraphrase and Comment (20 points)
Directions: In this part there are two passages selected from the references given to you. Read the passages carefully, paraphrase the underlined parts and make some comments in English according to your own understanding. The following is one sample:
Passage 1: Translation has to do three difficult things: to be faithful, expressive and elegant. It is difficult enough to be faithful to the original, and yet if a translation is not expressive, it is tantamount to having no translation. Hence expressiveness should be required too…
V.Translation practice ( 40 points)
汉译英
开发利用生物质能资源是未来能源发展的主流趋势。我国生物质能资源丰富，年总量约为7.5亿吨标煤。其中绝大多数集中在农村，仅农作物秸秆、薪柴和人畜粪便即达5亿吨标煤，可作能源利用的秸秆有3.7亿吨。利用生物质能具有分散性、小型化和就地取材等多方面优势，不仅能够适应我国农村的特点和需要，而且还能为“三农”开辟了一条新的生产和致富门路，是农村的一种多功能战略性能源。目前应积极调整能源发展战略，突出农村生物质能源的开发和利用，启动“生物质能源开发工程”，重点在“能源植物”的培育，加快生物质新能源、新材料的开发与利用等方面加快研究、试点、示范和推广应用，多渠道开发和利用生物质能源，发展能源农业。
英译汉
WHAT makes a suicide-bomber? Long before the attacks that killed 52 people in London on July 7th, Britain’s security services had a clear pattern in their minds. A man who may drink beer, play football, chase girls and lead a life that is indistinguishable from those of most other young Britons starts looking around for something less ordinary. At that point, he comes under the influence of a charismatic imam, who rails against the ill-treatment of Muslims around the world and suggests a straightforward route to self-fulfilment. He may eventually board a plane to Israel or a train to London, with the intention of killing as many civilians as possible.
American Society and Culture （70points）
III. Explain the following (20 points)
1/ The Pilgim Fathers
2/ The Second Continental Congress
3/ The Bill of Rights
4/ The Red Scare
(每项后留出6个空格)
IV. Essay Questions (50 points). Write a short paper of about 250 words on each of the following topics.
1/ What was the New Deal program? What was it? And how did it aid the recovery of the economy? （15 points）
2/ Explain the characterristics of the uniformity in American culture and give your own evaluation. (15 points)
3/ My comment on the coming 2008 general election in USA. (20 points)
( 每一个话题后留出一页空白)
III English Linguistics (70 points)
A Fill in the blanks (20 points):
1 Language is a system of ____________ used for human communication.
2 “John married a blond heiress”__________ “John married a blond”.
3 In Speech Act theory, a perlocutionary act is the act of _______________.
B Essay questions (50 points):
1 Exemplify how suprasegmentals such as stress, tone and intonation can influence meaning.
2 Discuss the changes of the English language since its Anglo-Saxon days -- the major periods and events in its historical development.
3 Comment on de Saussure’s distinction between langue and parole.
4 Discuss the recurssiveness of language.
International Business English (70 points )
Answer the following questions:
1. What would happen if the Chinese yen depreciated against the dollar? What does this influence Chinese export-oriented enterprises?
2. Discuss the differences between higher education and corporate training.
3. Why do Asian cultures exhibit significant differences in business norms when compared to Western cultures?
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